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It is a proxy is also known as proxy server software that acts acting as an intermediary between server and a client on the internet. Without a proxy, a client would make a request an item directly to the server and it would deliver the requested resource directly to the user. This is a simple method to understand and implement but using proxies provides benefits in terms of better performance as well as privacy, security and much more. As an additional layer for moving through, a proxy acts as a gatekeeper for the internet between clients and servers.




The general consensus is it is the case that the mix of servers hardware and the software that is installed to make proxy connections is commonly referred too as proxy servers. For this post, we will examine proxies commonly described as software as well as those utilized to work in conjunction with web servers. This article will present a detailed breakdown of two kinds of proxies: that is the forward proxy and a reverse proxy. Each has its own use case that is frequently confused due to the similar namesake convention.




This article will provide some knowledge about what proxies are and what subtypes they have, and what ways they can prove useful in common configurations. After reading this article you'll learn to identify the circumstances where a proxy can be advantageous, and choose the best forward proxy or reverse proxy for any particular situation.



Understanding Forward Proxies



The forward proxy, also known by the name of an open proxy is the agent of a user who attempts to transmit an internet request to an source server. In this scenario, it's the situation that all requests coming from the client are sent to the forward proxy. In this case the forward proxy, in lieu of the client will scrutinize the request. It will first decides if the client is permitted to forward requests through this specific forward proxy. Then, it decides to refuse this request and transfer it over to the source server. It's not able connect directly with the web. It can only access what forward proxy permits it to access.




A typical use of forward proxy is to achieve greater privacy or security on the internet. A forward proxy connects to the internet as a personal client, and during this process, it can utilize a different IP address in opposition to the IP address used by the client.




Depending on how they were established in the past forward proxy servers could provide a range of options, allowing you to:




Beware of ads that track you.


Circumvent surveillance.


Find restrictions based on your where you live.




Forward proxies are also employed in systems that provide central security and permit-based access, such as at work. If all internet traffic is routed through an open forward proxy layer, the administrator is able to permit only a few clients access to the internet, which is then filtered by a standard firewall. Instead of establishing firewalls for the client layer, which may include multiple machines that are different in terms of user and environment the firewall can be placed on the layer that redirects traffic from proxy servers.




Keep in mind that forward proxy servers have to be set up manually for be used, while reverse proxies can be not recognized by clients. Depending on whether an IP address is passed on to the server that originated it via the forward proxy Privacy and anonymity could get granted, or even made transparent.




There are many choices to think about in the case of forward proxies:




Apache An open-source, well-known web server with forward proxy capabilities.


Nginx: Another renowned open-source webserver with forward proxy functionality.


Squid is an open-source forward proxy that uses it's HTTP protocol. It does not include an entire web server. Check out our article on the most efficient method to set up Squid proxy for private connections in Ubuntu 20.04.


Dante forward proxy that utilizes the SOCKS protocol rather than HTTP which makes it more suitable for scenarios such as peer-to-peer traffic. It is also possible to learn how to set up an Dante proxy to allow private connections in Ubuntu 20.04



Understanding Reverse Proxies



Reverse proxy acts as a representative of a web server that manages requests from customers on behalf of. Web servers can represent a single or several servers. Additionally, it could represent an application server, like Gunicorn. For any one of these cases, a request could come in via a user on the internet at large. The majority of the time the request is delivered directly to the web server along with the data the user wants. A reverse proxy is a intermediary to isolate your server from interactions with the internet.




From the perspective of a customer from a user's point of view, using a reverse proxy is not different than communicating with you web server directly. It's the same thing, and the client cannot tell the difference. Client requests resources, and then receives it, without any extra configuration required by the end user.




Reverse proxy proxies are able to provide options, such as:




Centrally secured to protect Web Server Layer.


The sending of traffic according to rules that you can set up.


Additional functionality to cache data.




While central security is a benefit of both forward and reverse proxy solutions, reverse proxy provides this benefit only to the server layer and not to the client layer. Instead of the maintenance of firewalls on the web server layer that may contain multiple servers that have different configurations, the majority of firewall security is centered in the reverse proxy layer. In addition, the removal of the requirement of working with firewalls as well as connecting with requests from clients that are not connected to web servers allows firewalls to focus on the needs of their clients.




If there are several servers behind a reverse proxy the reverse proxy is also in charge of how requests are routed on the server. Multiple web servers could be operating within the same system, providing various kinds of resources or a mix of the two. These servers can use the HTTP protocol as a conventional web server. They may also include protocols for applications such as FastCGI. You can create a reverse proxy to direct customers to specific servers according to the type of resource they're searching for, or follow certain rules to manage traffic load.




Reverse proxies can also benefit by their position prior to web servers, by providing the capability of caching. Large static assets are able to be configured using caching guidelines to avoid the web server from being hit on every request, with certain solutions giving the option to directly serve static resources without needing to connect with the server at all. In addition reverse proxy is able to be able to handle compression of these assets.




The popular Nginx web server also functions as an acknowledged reverse proxy feature. You can also use it, Apache web server, it's also equipped with reverse proxy function it's an additional option that's available to Apache and Nginx was initially developed for and specifically designed for the reverse proxy function.



Distinguishing Forward and Reverse Proxy Utilizing Differentiation of Forward Proxy and reverse Proxy Use



Because "forward" and "reverse" are associated with the notion of directionality and false distinctions between "incoming" in addition to "outgoing" traffic. These terms can be confusing since both kinds of proxies can be used to manage requests and responses. The best way to differentiate between reverse and forward proxy services is to study the requirements of the application that you are creating.




A reverse proxy could be helpful in the development of a system to deliver web-based applications over the internet. They function as servers when you interact with the internet.




Forward proxy is helpful when you are before a client for your personal use or in a workplace setting. They can be used to represent the traffic of your clients when you interact with the internet.




A distinction based on usage case rather than focusing only upon similar conventions for naming can help you avoid confusion.



Conclusion



This article clarifies the meaning of a proxy, which includes two major types that are forward proxy and the reverse proxy. Practical scenarios for application and a look at advantageous features were used to distinguish between forward proxy and reverse proxies. If you're interested in exploring the possibilities of proxies then you can check out our tutorial on how to configure Nginx as reverse and webserver proxy using Apache on one Ubuntu 20.04 Server.



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